It is entirely quantitative and our analysis is based on the information ratio, a recognised measure of risk-adjusted performance. However, we call it the Citywire Manager Ratio as it takes into account career moves and all the funds a manager runs.

We cover the whole market meaning every manager is eligible for a rating and investors can have confidence in the objectivity of our ratings. Citywire currently tracks more than 15,000 fund managers in 41 countries across more than 240 investment sectors.

When calculating performance, all annual or ongoing fund charges are taken into account although we assume there is no initial fee on purchase.

How are the ratings assigned?

In order to be rated, a fund manager will need to beat his or her benchmark over a three-year period. A benchmark is often the relevant stock market index.

Fewer than 25% of fund managers we track actually achieve this, and managers in this select group will either receive a Citywire+, A, AA, or the top AAA rating.

The four ratings bands are assigned in the following way:

• the top 10% of managers in this elite group will gain the highest AAA rating
• the next 20% will be awarded the AA rating
• the following 30% will get a single A rating
• and the remaining 40% will gain a Citywire + rating.

Each Citywire rated fund manager will have one universal rating, reflecting the performance on every fund he or she runs across the 41 countries in our database.

How about absolute return style funds?

We judge fund managers running absolute return funds in a slightly different way. We group them into 15 peer groups, featuring those running bond and mixed asset funds, as well as Alternative Ucits strategies, which use shorting as part of their investment process.

We judge these fund managers on their ability to:

• Beat cash returns by 2% over three years;
• Control losses (maximum drawdown – their highest loss from peak to trough - can’t be 50% higher than peer group average);
• and generate strong risk adjusted performance over three years

Fund managers who meet these criteria will then be allocated one of four ratings, depending on their risk-adjusted performance.

• the top 10% of managers will gain the highest AAA rating;
• the next 20% of managers will be awarded the AA rating;
• the following 30% will get a single A rating;
• and the remaining 40% will gain a Citywire + rating

Managers may run funds that are assessed on this methodology but also run others that come under our traditional ratings system. In those cases, they will be assessed for separate ratings.

How do you rank fund managers?

Citywire Fund Manager Rankings calculate the total percentage returns generated by individual fund managers in a sector and show which funds they are currently managing. Their performance versus their peers can be analysed over various time periods based on the following methodology:

• When one fund manager runs two or more funds, concurrently within the same unit trust sector, a monthly average is calculated across these funds.
• When a fund manager has a ‘career break’ there is no monthly return figure in the analysis. However, once that manager resumes managing a fund in the same sector, we substitute the average performance of all managers in that sector for the missing months. So the longer a fund manager is inactive, the more average he or she may look.
• A fund manager has to be currently active, as well as being active at the beginning, or before, the period under review.
• Joint managers are treated as being equally responsible for a fund’s performance.

How many people at Citywire work on the ratings?

The Citywire Fund Manager Ratings and Rankings are supported by a team of 11 people handling all aspects of data collection and investment research. In addition, our technology team has two quant analysts to help create bespoke performance reports.

I’m only interested in long-term performance. How do your ratings help me?

A long-term view is clearly very important, but as fund managers move from one company to another or take on new funds, a focus on the individual is also important. Citywire’s online fund manager factsheets give you access to deeper performance analysis alongside a manager’s fund manager rating track record.

Are you paid for rating fund managers?

No, we are independent and are not paid to consider a fund manager in our ratings. As long as a manager’s fund is registered in a country we look at, and sits in one of the 240 sectors we cover, he or she will automatically be part of our analysis. If a manager achieves a rating, the relevant asset management group pays us a licensing fee to use the rating for marketing purposes.